formula showing the composition of a compound given as the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms

compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures

formula indicating the composition of a molecule of a compound and giving the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound.

compounds in which the relative orientations of the atoms in space differ

shows the atoms in a molecule and how they are connected

one of two substances that have the same molecular formula but different physical and chemical properties because their atoms are bonded differently

Chemistry 2e · 2.4 Chemical Formulas

Chemical Formulas: practice problems

4 problems from the book, with its answers. Check your working, or have any of them explained to you on the whiteboard.

Exercises 27
Explain why the symbol for an atom of the element oxygen and the formula for a molecule of oxygen differ.
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Exercises 29
Write the molecular and empirical formulas of the following compounds:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
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Exercises 31
Determine the empirical formulas for the following compounds:
(a) caffeine, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
(b) sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
(c) hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂
(d) glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆
(e) ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C₆H₈O₆
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Exercises 33
Write the empirical formulas for the following compounds:
(a)
(b)
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Key terms · 6

empirical formula: formula showing the composition of a compound given as the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms
isomers: compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures
molecular formula: formula indicating the composition of a molecule of a compound and giving the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound.
spatial isomers: compounds in which the relative orientations of the atoms in space differ
structural formula: shows the atoms in a molecule and how they are connected
structural isomer: one of two substances that have the same molecular formula but different physical and chemical properties because their atoms are bonded differently

The tutor teaches the whole section, drawing it out step by step and answering your questions as you go.

Chemical Formulas: practice problems

4 problems from the book, with its answers. Check your working, or have any of them explained to you on the whiteboard.

Exercises 27

Explain why the symbol for an atom of the element oxygen and the formula for a molecule of oxygen differ.

Exercises 29

Write the molecular and empirical formulas of the following compounds:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Exercises 31

Determine the empirical formulas for the following compounds:

(a) caffeine, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

(b) sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

(d) glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆

(e) ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C₆H₈O₆

Exercises 33

Write the empirical formulas for the following compounds:

(a)

(b)

empirical formula: formula showing the composition of a compound given as the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms
isomers: compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures
molecular formula: formula indicating the composition of a molecule of a compound and giving the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound.
spatial isomers: compounds in which the relative orientations of the atoms in space differ
structural formula: shows the atoms in a molecule and how they are connected
structural isomer: one of two substances that have the same molecular formula but different physical and chemical properties because their atoms are bonded differently

The tutor teaches the whole section, drawing it out step by step and answering your questions as you go.