(also, belt of stability, zone of stability, or valley of stability) region of graph of number of protons versus number of neutrons containing stable (nonradioactive) nuclides

binding energy per nucleon

total binding energy for the nucleus divided by the number of nucleons in the nucleus

measurement unit of nuclear binding energies, with 1 eV equaling the amount energy due to the moving an electron across an electric potential difference of 1 volt

nuclei with specific numbers of nucleons that are within the band of stability

difference between the mass of an atom and the summed mass of its constituent subatomic particles (or the mass “lost” when nucleons are brought together to form a nucleus)

mass-energy equivalence equation

Albert Einstein’s relationship showing that mass and energy are equivalent

nuclear binding energy

energy lost when an atom’s nucleons are bound together (or the energy needed to break a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons)

study of the structure of atomic nuclei and processes that change nuclear structure

collective term for protons and neutrons in a nucleus

nucleus of a particular isotope

phenomenon exhibited by an unstable nucleon that spontaneously undergoes change into a nucleon that is more stable; an unstable nucleon is said to be radioactive

isotope that is unstable and undergoes conversion into a different, more stable isotope

force of attraction between nucleons that holds a nucleus together

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21.1 Nuclear Structure and Stability: practice | ahaboard

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Chemistry 2e · 21.1 Nuclear Structure and Stability

Nuclear Structure and Stability: practice problems

5 problems from the book, with its answers. Check your working, or have any of them explained to you on the whiteboard.

Exercises 1
Write the following isotopes in hyphenated form (e.g., “carbon-14”)
(a) $_{11}^{24} Na$
(b) $_{13}^{29} Al$
(c) $_{36}^{73} Kr$
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Exercises 3
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Exercises 5
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Exercises 7
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Exercises 9
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Key terms · 13

band of stability: (also, belt of stability, zone of stability, or valley of stability) region of graph of number of protons versus number of neutrons containing stable (nonradioactive) nuclides
binding energy per nucleon: total binding energy for the nucleus divided by the number of nucleons in the nucleus
electron volt (eV): measurement unit of nuclear binding energies, with 1 eV equaling the amount energy due to the moving an electron across an electric potential difference of 1 volt
magic number: nuclei with specific numbers of nucleons that are within the band of stability
mass defect: difference between the mass of an atom and the summed mass of its constituent subatomic particles (or the mass “lost” when nucleons are brought together to form a nucleus)
mass-energy equivalence equation: Albert Einstein’s relationship showing that mass and energy are equivalent
nuclear binding energy: energy lost when an atom’s nucleons are bound together (or the energy needed to break a nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons)
nuclear chemistry: study of the structure of atomic nuclei and processes that change nuclear structure
nucleon: collective term for protons and neutrons in a nucleus
nuclide: nucleus of a particular isotope
radioactivity: phenomenon exhibited by an unstable nucleon that spontaneously undergoes change into a nucleon that is more stable; an unstable nucleon is said to be radioactive
radioisotope: isotope that is unstable and undergoes conversion into a different, more stable isotope
strong nuclear force: force of attraction between nucleons that holds a nucleus together

Learn 21.1 on the whiteboard

The tutor teaches the whole section, drawing it out step by step and answering your questions as you go.

Read 21.1 in the textbook · This section on openstax.org