device used for the precise delivery of variable liquid volumes, such as in a titration analysis

gravimetric technique used to determine the elemental composition of a compound via the collection and weighing of its gaseous combustion products

measured volume of titrant solution that yields the change in sample solution appearance or other property expected for stoichiometric equivalence (see equivalence point)

volume of titrant solution required to react completely with the analyte in a titration analysis; provides a stoichiometric amount of titrant for the sample’s analyte according to the titration reaction

quantitative chemical analysis method involving the separation of an analyte from a sample by a physical or chemical process and subsequent mass measurements of the analyte, reaction product, and/or sample

substance added to the sample in a titration analysis to permit visual detection of the end point

quantitative analysis

the determination of the amount or concentration of a substance in a sample

solution containing a known concentration of substance that will react with the analyte in a titration analysis

quantitative chemical analysis method that involves measuring the volume of a reactant solution required to completely react with the analyte in a sample

4.5 Quantitative Chemical Analysis: practice

Quantitative Chemical Analysis: practice problems

9 problems from the book, with its answers. Check your working, or have any of them explained to you on the whiteboard.

Exercises 79

Titration of a 20.0-mL sample of acid rain required 1.7 mL of 0.0811 M NaOH to reach the end point. If we assume that the acidity of the rain is due to the presence of sulfuric acid, what was the concentration of sulfuric acid in this sample of rain?

Exercises 81

In a common medical laboratory determination of the concentration of free chloride ion in blood serum, a serum sample is titrated with a Hg(NO₃)₂ solution.

$2 Cl^{-} (a q) + Hg (NO_{3})_{2} (a q) ⟶ 2 NO_{3}^{-} (a q) + HgCl_{2} (s)$

Exercises 83

Exercises 85

Exercises 87

Exercises 89

Exercises 91

Exercises 93

Exercises 95

Key terms · 10

analyte: chemical species of interest
buret: device used for the precise delivery of variable liquid volumes, such as in a titration analysis
combustion analysis: gravimetric technique used to determine the elemental composition of a compound via the collection and weighing of its gaseous combustion products
end point: measured volume of titrant solution that yields the change in sample solution appearance or other property expected for stoichiometric equivalence (see equivalence point)
equivalence point: volume of titrant solution required to react completely with the analyte in a titration analysis; provides a stoichiometric amount of titrant for the sample’s analyte according to the titration reaction
gravimetric analysis: quantitative chemical analysis method involving the separation of an analyte from a sample by a physical or chemical process and subsequent mass measurements of the analyte, reaction product, and/or sample
indicator: substance added to the sample in a titration analysis to permit visual detection of the end point
quantitative analysis: the determination of the amount or concentration of a substance in a sample
titrant: solution containing a known concentration of substance that will react with the analyte in a titration analysis
titration analysis: quantitative chemical analysis method that involves measuring the volume of a reactant solution required to completely react with the analyte in a sample

Learn 4.5 on the whiteboard

The tutor teaches the whole section, drawing it out step by step and answering your questions as you go.

Read 4.5 in the textbook · This section on openstax.org